8,047 research outputs found
An electromagnetic shashlik calorimeter with longitudinal segmentation
A novel technique for longitudinal segmentation of shashlik calorimeters has
been tested in the CERN West Area beam facility. A 25 tower very fine samplings
e.m. calorimeter has been built with vacuum photodiodes inserted in the first 8
radiation lengths to sample the initial development of the shower. Results
concerning energy resolution, impact point reconstruction and electron/pion
separation are reported.Comment: 13 pages, 12 figure
Debris disks in main sequence binary systems
We observed 69 A3-F8 main sequence binary star systems using the Multiband
Imaging Photometer for Spitzer onboard the Spitzer Space Telescope. We find
emission significantly in excess of predicted photospheric flux levels for
9(+4/-3)% and 40(+7/-6)% of these systems at 24 and 70 microns, respectively.
Twenty two systems total have excess emission, including four systems that show
excess emission at both wavelengths. A very large fraction (nearly 60%) of
observed binary systems with small (<3 AU) separations have excess thermal
mission. We interpret the observed infrared excesses as thermal emission from
dust produced by collisions in planetesimal belts. The incidence of debris
disks around main sequence A3-F8 binaries is marginally higher than that for
single old AFGK stars. Whatever combination of nature (birth conditions of
binary systems) and nurture (interactions between the two stars) drives the
evolution of debris disks in binary systems, it is clear that planetesimal
formation is not inhibited to any great degree. We model these dust disks
through fitting the spectral energy distributions and derive typical dust
temperatures in the range 100--200 K and typical fractional luminosities around
10^-5, with both parameters similar to other Spitzer-discovered debris disks.
Our calculated dust temperatures suggest that about half the excesses we
observe are derived from circumbinary planetesimal belts and around one third
of the excesses clearly suggest circumstellar material. Three systems with
excesses have dust in dynamically unstable regions, and we discuss possible
scenarios for the origin of this short-lived dust.Comment: ApJ, in press. 57 pages, including 7 figures (one of which is in
color
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